Author Archives: anuj - Page 8
Why are there Gravitational Quadrupoles?
Why Are There Gravitational Quadrupoles? 1. No Monopole Radiation A gravitational monopole would require changes in the total mass of a system. However, total mass is conserved in isolated systems,…
Gravitational Monopoles and Dipoles
Why There Are No Gravitational Monopoles or Dipoles Why Are There No Gravitational Monopoles? Gravitational monopole would mean a single, isolated “negative mass” (similar to a negative electric charge), which…
Worked examples Kac Algebras, Lie Groups, Lie Algebras
1️⃣ Lie Group → Lie Algebra: Example with \( \mathrm{SO}(3) \) Step 1: Define the Lie group \( \mathrm{SO}(3) \) = Special Orthogonal Group in 3D Set of all \(…
Lie Group Algebras
Overview Lie groups and Lie algebras are two deeply connected mathematical structures used to study symmetries in mathematics and physics. They are foundational in areas such as particle physics,…
How the Arrow of Time Emerges from the Big Bang
How the Arrow of Time Emerges from the Big Bang Why do we experience time flowing in one direction — from past to future — when the laws of physics…
Why Entropy Increases After the Big Bang
Why Entropy Increases After the Big Bang The universe began in a very special, low-entropy state — a smooth, nearly homogeneous high-energy configuration. But why does entropy increase from there?…
The Big Bang — Pencil on its Tip
The Big Bang — Pencil on its Tip Was the Big Bang more like a pendulum or like a pencil balanced on its tip? Many physicists believe that the early…
Doppler shift for de-broglie’s matter waves
Derivation of de Broglie Wavelength \(\lambda\) Start with the total energy of a de Broglie matter wave, combining rest mass and kinetic energy: \ Multiply both sides by \(\lambda^2\) to eliminate denominators:…
Why Fields? And Why String Theory
From Quantum Mechanics to Quantum Fields: Why the Upgrade Was Necessary—and Where String Theory Fits In For most of the 20th century, quantum mechanics (QM) gave us the tools to…
No attributes even exist unless it is brought into interaction with a classical measuring device
John Bell’s Take on Measurement in Quantum Mechanics The claim that “for an atom, no attributes even exist unless it is brought into interaction with a classical measuring device” is…