Archives for May, 2026

plane wave schrodinger wave solution – Transformation under a Lorentz Transform

Key Result - The phase can be Lorentz-transformed, but the Schrödinger dispersion relation is not Lorentz invariant. Start with the free-particle Schrödinger plane wave:ψ(x,t)=Aei(kx−ωt)\psi(x,t)=A e^{i(kx-\omega t)}ψ(x,t)=Aei(kx−ωt) Using de Broglie relations,p=ℏk,E=ℏωp=\hbar…
Continue Reading

The principle of stationary action derivation

Start with the actionS=∫d4x L(ϕ,∂μϕ)S=\int d^4x \, \mathcal{L}(\phi,\partial_\mu \phi)S=∫d4xL(ϕ,∂μ​ϕ) The physical field configuration is the one for which a small variation of the field,ϕ(x)→ϕ(x)+δϕ(x)\phi(x)\rightarrow \phi(x)+\delta\phi(x)ϕ(x)→ϕ(x)+δϕ(x) does not change the action to…
Continue Reading